Note 4 – Contract Liabilities and Costs from Contracts with Customers

Contract liabilities – Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue resulting from franchise fees, development fees and master franchise fees paid by franchisees, which are recognized over time on a straight-line basis over the franchise agreement term. The Company also receives upfront payments from vendors under agreements that give the vendors access to franchisees’ members to provide certain services to the members (“brand fees”). Revenue from the upfront payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the agreement term and is reported in other service revenue. Also included in the deferred revenue balance are non-refundable prepayments for merchandise and equipment, as well as revenues for training, service revenue and on-demand fees for which the associated products or services have not yet been provided to the customer. The Company classifies these contract liabilities as either current deferred revenue or non-current deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets based on the anticipated timing of delivery. The following table reflects the change in franchise development and brand fee contract liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Other deferred revenue amounts of $22,277 and $18,576 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, are excluded from the table as the original expected duration of the contracts is one year or less.

Contract costs – Contract costs consist of deferred commissions resulting from franchise and area development sales by third-party and affiliate brokers and sales personnel. The total commission is deferred at the point of a franchise sale. The commissions are evenly split among the number of studios purchased under the development agreement and begin to be amortized when a subsequent franchise agreement is executed. The commissions are recognized on a straight-line basis over the initial ten-year franchise agreement term to align with the recognition of the franchise agreement or area development fees. The Company classifies these deferred contract costs as either current deferred costs or non-current deferred costs in the consolidated balance sheets. The associated expense is classified within costs of franchise and service revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were approximately $4,126 and $3,589 of current deferred costs and approximately $46,221 and $43,445 in non-current deferred costs, respectively. The Company recognized approximately $7,327, $11,049 and $6,006 in franchise sales commission expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.